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Hyssop
What was hyssop used for in the Bible?
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Since
people in the biblical era did not have access to the products we do today,
they often relied on naturally occurring resources such as plants, animal
byproducts, and minerals for cleaning, cooking, food, medicine, and more.
Hyssop,
an herb in the mint family with cleansing, medicinal, and flavoring properties,
was prolific in the Middle East and was used in a variety of ways.
The Bible
mentions hyssop several times, mostly in the Old Testament.
In
Leviticus, God commanded His people to use hyssop in the ceremonial cleansing
of people and houses.
In one
example, God tells the priests to use hyssop together with cedar wood, scarlet
yarn, and the blood of a clean bird to sprinkle a person recently healed from a
skin disease (likely leprosy).
This act
would ceremonially cleanse the formerly diseased person and allow him to
reenter the camp (Leviticus 14:1–7).
The same
method was used to purify a house that had previously contained mold (Leviticus 14:33–53).
Hyssop is
also used symbolically in the Bible.
When the
Israelites marked their doorposts with lamb’s blood in order for the angel of
death to pass over them, God instructed them to use a bunch of hyssop as a
“paintbrush” (Exodus 12:22).
This was
probably because hyssop was sturdy and could withstand the brushing, but it
also likely signified that God was marking His people as “pure” and not targets
of the judgment God was about to deal out to the Egyptians.
David also mentions hyssop in Psalm 51:7: “Cleanse me with hyssop, and
I will be clean; wash me, and I will be whiter than snow.”
David
does not refer to physical cleansing — rather, he is asking God to cleanse him
spiritually as he confesses his sin.
Hyssop
also appears at Jesus’ crucifixion, when the Roman soldiers offered Jesus a
drink of wine vinegar on a sponge at the end of a stalk of hyssop (John 19:28–30).
This was,
in fact, Jesus’ last act before He declared His work on earth finished and gave
up His spirit.
While the
hyssop stalk may have been used for purely practical purposes (i.e., it was
long enough to reach to Jesus’ mouth as He hung on the cross), it is
interesting that that particular plant was chosen.
It is
possible that God meant this as a picture of purification, as Jesus bought our
forgiveness with His sacrifice.
Just as
in the Old Testament blood and hyssop purified a defiled person, so Jesus’ shed
blood purifies us from the defilement of our sin.
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